[The academic sources of You Ke Tie Jing].

You Ke Tie Jing, as the most widely published Chinese pediatric work, first published in 1695. Its writing style was influenced by You Ke Bai Xiao Quan Shu in the Ming Dynasty. Its section of the Pediatric Tuina was related to You Ke Bai Xiao Quan Shu, Xiao Er An Mo Jing, Xiao Er Tuina Mi Zhi, and Xiao Er Tuina Mi Jue. The section of Pediatric Disease was based on You Ke Bai Xiao Quan Shu and the author's own identification of symptoms, such as febrile convulsion, fever, and umbilical wind. It documented seventy-five prescriptions of which 70 were the same as You Ke Bai Xiao Quan Shu. It can be inferred that You Ke Tie Jing was mainly based on You Ke Bai Xiao Quan Shu and also fully referred to Xiao Er An Mo Jing, Xiao Er Tuina Mi Zhi, and Xiao Er Tuina Mi Jue.

[Preliminary clinical application verification of complete digital workflow of design lips symmetry reference plane based on posed smile].

OBJECTIVE: To automatically construct lips symmetry reference plane (SRP) based on posed smile, and to evaluate its advantages over conventional digital aesthetic design. METHODS: Eighteen subjects' three-dimensional facial and dentition data were gathered in this study. The lips SRP of experimental groups were used with the standard weighted Procrustes analysis (WPA) algorithm and iterative closest point (ICP), respectively. A reference plane defined by experts based on regional ICP algorithm, served as the truth plane. The angle error values between the lips SRP of WPA algorithm in the experimental groups and the truth plane were evaluated in this study, and the lips SRP of ICP algorithm of the experimental groups was calculated in the same way. The lips SRP based on posed smile as a reference for aesthetic design and evaluate preliminary clinical application. RESULTS: The average angle error between the lips SRP of WPA algorithm and the truth plane was 1.78°±1.24°, which was smaller than that between the lips SRP of ICP and the truth plane 7.41°±4.31°. There were significant differences in the angle errors among the groups (P < 0.05). In the aesthetic design of anterior teeth, automatically constructing the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile and the original symmetry plane by re-ference compared with the prosthetic design, the subjects' scores on the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile (8.48±0.57) were higher than those on the original symmetry plane (5.20±1.31). CONCLUSION: Automatically constructing the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile was more accurate than ICP algorithm, which was consistent with the truth plane. Moreover, it can provide an important reference for oral aesthetic diagnosis and aesthetic analysis of the restoration effect. In the aesthetic design of anterior teeth, automatically constructing the lips SRP of WPA algorithm based on posed smile can improve the patients' satisfaction in esthetic rehabilitation.

[Establishment and analysis of prediction model for invasive subsolid pulmonary nodules based on radiomics].

Objective: To evaluate the best radiomic features based prediction model for identifying the histopathological subtypes of invasive adenocarcinoma or noninvasive pulmonary nodules appearing as subsolid nodules. Methods: A total of 352 patients (108 males and 244 females, median age was [M(Q1,Q3)]57 (50,65), underwent high-resolution chest CT and appearing as subsolid nodules and further treated by surgical resection whose subsequently pathological results were classified as atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH), carcinoma in situ (AIS), microinvasive carcinoma (MIA), invasive adenocarcinoma (IA), from January 2015 to September 2019, in Radiology Department of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University and Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University were retrospectively collected. They were divided into non-invasive group (n=233) and invasive group (n=119) according to pathological findings. According to the ratio of training set: internal test set: external test set, which is about 3∶1∶1,the patients in Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University were randomly divided into training set (n=215, non-IA∶IA 155∶60) and internal test set(n=69, non-IA∶IA 52∶17), meanwhile a certain number of patients in Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University(n=68, non-IA∶IA 26∶42)were randomly selected as an independent external test set. Particular quantitative parameters of the nodules, radiomic features, morphological characteristics, clinical data, and serum tumor markers were recorded. Radiomic label was constructed using LASSO regression method. The morphological model, CT model and comprehensive model were constructed by binary logistic regression and were verified in test sets, respectively. Results: Shape_MinorAxis(Gradient),Glszm_ZoneEntropy(LBP) were selected as the two most significant features based on training set. Radiomic tag=1.065 75×Shape_MinorAxis(Gradient)+0.030 58×Glszm_ZoneEntropy(LBP). Comparing the prediction performance of all models in each data cohort, the CT model (Ln(P/1-P)=-2.417 11+1.031 60×Radimic tag+1.203 06×Diameter+1.614 21×(Pleural indentation sign = Y) constructed by radiomic label, pleural depression, and quantitative parameters (diameter, average density) was much better than other models and was chosen as the optimal model, with an AUC of CT models in training cohort and test cohort was 0.954 (95%CI: 0.927-0.981), 0.865 (95%CI:0.764-0.966), better than morphological model 0.857 (95%CI:0.796-0.918), 0.818(95%CI: 0.686-0.949) and comprehensive model 0.951(95%CI: 0.921-0.981), 0.856(95%CI: 0.730-0.982), respectively. Conclusion: The integrative CT model has a better prediction efficiency for identifying invasive or noninvasive nodules appearing as subsolid nodules.

Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Sophocarpine from Sophora viciifolia Hance.

Sophora viciifolia Hance is an edible plant used in traditional Chinese medicine. Sophocarpine, a tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid, is one of the most abundant active ingredients in Sophora viciifolia Hance. Here, we study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, as well as the acute toxicity of sophocarpine from Sophora viciifolia Hance in mice. Sophocarpine (20, 40, and 80 mg/kgbw) significantly prolonged the delay period before a hot plate reaction occurred (all P < 0.05), and the delay before a tail-flick response was induced by a warm bath (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). Sophocarpine (40, 80 mg/kg) resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of the writhing reaction induced by acetic acid in mice (P < 0.05; P < 0.001, respectively). Sophocarpine (80 mg/kg) reduced the total duration of a formalin-induced pain response (P < 0.05). Sophocarpine prolonged the foot-licking latency of mice after the hot plate reaction, and this effect was antagonized by calcium chloride and enhanced by verapamil. Sophocarpine (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) significantly inhibited xylene-induced ear edema (P < 0.01; P < 0.001; P < 0.001, respectively) and the penetration of acetic acid-induced dye into the peritoneal cavity (P < 0.01; P < 0.01; P < 0.001, respectively). It also reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2 (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001) and those of serum nitric oxide (P < 0.05). The results of this study suggest that sophocarpine possesses certain analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities, which may be related to calcium and inhibition of the secretion of inflammatory factors.

[A review on critics of Wenre Jingwei].

Wenre Jingwei(,Warp and Weft of Warm and Hot Disorders) is believed the masterpiece written by Wang Mengying, who was a famous physician in the Qing Dynasty. It represents the essence of Wang's theory in terms of Epidemic Febrile Diseases. It has been interpreted and analyzed by seven critics. However, these seven critics have not been widely known up to now. This paper introduces the life history of the critics and their medical achievements, in order to clarify their contributions to this book and enrich the content of medical history.

[Effectiveness of TRB3 on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation, apoptosis and migration].

Objective: To explore the regulatory role and mechanism of tribbles pseudokinase 3 (TRB3) on hepatocarcinoma (HCC) cells proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Methods: Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect TRB3 expression in cancerous and adjacent cancerous liver tissues of HCC patients. TRB3 expression was detected in vitro in HepG2 and Huh7 hepatocarcinoma cell lines. Simultaneously, CCK8 and EdU were used to detect cell proliferation after TRB3 targeted inhibition with small interfering RNA. CCK8 and EdU were used to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect apoptosis. Transwell assay was used to evaluate migration ability. Simultaneously, Western blot was used to detect changes in apoptosis, migration-related proteins and AKT phosphorylation activity. The mean comparison between the two groups was performed by t-test, and the comparison between multiple groups was performed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: Western blot showed that the expression of TRB3 was significantly up-regulated in HCC tissues. Compared with normal liver tissues adjacent to cancer, the relative expression levels were 0.78 ± 0.12 and 0.29 ± 0.09, respectively, P < 0.01, and the difference was statistically significant. After interfering siRNA inhibited TRB3, CCK8 and EdU tests showed that the proliferation activity of HepG2 and Huh7 cells were significantly weakened (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptotic proportions of HepG2 and Huh7 cells was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Western blot also showed that the expression of apoptosis regulatory proteins BAX and BIM were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Transwell assay results showed that the migration ability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells was decreased (P < 0.05), and the expression of migration regulatory proteins MMP4 and MMP9 was also significantly down-regulated. Western blot results showed that the AKT phosphorylation level was significantly increased. Conclusion: TRB3 regulates hepatocarcinoma cells proliferation, apoptosis and migration by inhibiting the AKT phosphorylation activity. Therefore, TRB3 may be a potential target site for the liver cancer treatment.

[A survey on sexual needs and factors of HIV risky sexual behaviors among elderly men at different ages in two communities of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture].

Objective: To understand sexual needs and factors of risky sexual behaviors among elderly men at different ages in two communities of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong autonomous prefecture and provide basis for targeted HIV prevention and intervention. Methods: Two communities in the prefecture were selected as study sites. Questionnaire surveys were carried out among elderly men aged 50 and over who visited or consulted in the communities from June to December 2018, and they were tested for HIV and syphilis antibodies. Results: Among 400 elderly men, 209 (52.2%) were 50-64 years old, and 191(47.8%) were above 65 years old. They were mainly Miao people, accounting for 66.3% (265/400), and 235 (58.8%) had an education no more than 6 years. HIV awareness of the two age groups were only 25.8% (54/199) and 26.2% (50/191), respectively. Among those aged 50-64, 142 (68.0%) felt normal sexual desire, and 153 (73.6%) reported penile erections or erections in most cases whenever sex, and 52.9% (110) ejaculated most of the time. HIV prevalence was 1.0% (4/400). Compared with the over 65-year-old group, the proportion of having sex with spouse/stable partners (89.5%, 179/200), proportion of no condom use with their spouse/stable sexual partners during the most recent sex (93.8%, 168/179), proportion of having casual sex (11.0%, 23/209) and commercial sex (3.8%, 8/209) were all higher among 50-64 age group. In comparison to those aged over 65 years old, average monthly income>3 000, and use of sex helper, aged 50-64 (OR=2.70, 95%CI: 1.22-5.95), average monthly income ≤1 000 yuan (OR=2.79, 95%CI: 1.25-6.21), and no use of sex helper (OR=3.78) (95%CI: 1.65-8.67) were related factors of HIV risky sexual behavior last time. Conclusion: Elderly men in the minority prefecture had low HIV awareness. Compared with those≥65 years old, the 50-64 age group had more active sexual behaviors and higher sexual needs. Those from 50-64 age group, with lower economic level and good sexual ability were more likely to have HIV risky sexual behaviors.

[A probe into the editorial layout of the Pu Ji Ben Shi Fang].

The style of Fang Shu() has been developing and improving since it was established in the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it has reached a climax in the Song Dynasty. On the basis of prescriptions, the Pu Ji Ben Shi Fang (, Universal Benefit from My Prsactice) added Xu Shuwei's clinical cases and new experience. So it's called "Ben Shi" . This paper starts from the style of compiling febrile diseases in the Pu Ji Ben Shi Fang, taking the layout of prescription, medical record and medical theory as the research object, discusses the internal relationship between the expression of academic focus and the change of style and structure of works. The whole book is based on prescriptions, through medical cases and medical theories explained the prescription, expanding relevant content, integrating the three parts as a whole, combined with the clinical practice and theoretical analysis, further explanation and proof of the efficacy of the formula. Combined with the changes of the style of the Fang Shu, this paper expounds that the combination of case and theory supporting prescription is an important feature of the compilation style of Fang Shu.

Enhancement of charge-mediated magnetoelectric coupling in Fe3O4/SrTiO3/Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 heterostructure.

The in-plane magnetic hysteresis loops of Fe3O4/SrTiO3(STO) and Fe3O4/STO/Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3(BSTO) heterostructures have been investigated at 200 K under various electric fields. The bottom BSTO layer of the STO/BSTO bilayer is used to improve the dielectric properties of the top STO layer. The polarization of the STO/BSTO bilayer is ∼78% larger than that of the STO layer at room temperature due to the improvement of surface topography and the contribution of electrostatic interlayer coupling. A significant enlargement (∼70%) in the magnetoelectric response of Fe3O4/STO/BSTO heterostructure has been achieved at 200 K and 300 kV cm-1 after introducing the BSTO layer, since the STO/BSTO bilayer with larger dielectric constant supplies more polarization charges at its interface to the Fe3O4 layer than the STO layer. It indicates that the dielectric bilayer improves the polarization and thus benefits the magnetoelectric coupling in the multiferroic heterostructure.

Application of Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction in Forensic Toxicological Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Currently, the main sample pretreatment methods for forensic toxic analysis are liquid-liquid extraction （LLE） and solid-phase extraction （SPE）. As a simple, convenient, and low-cost LLE method, dispersion liquid-liquid microextraction （DLLME） has high enrichment factor and good extraction efficiency, and therefore has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of toxicology analysis in recent years. As a multi-functional microextraction method, DLLME has been widely used in the analysis of pesticides, sleeping sedatives, drugs and heavy metal poisons in forensic toxic analysis. Meanwhile, it can also be used in combination with such a variety of analytical instruments as gas chromatography-electron capture detectors （GC-ECD）, high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detectors （HPLC-DAD）. As a sample pretreatment method, DLLME has the advantages of simple operation, less use of organic solvent, reliable results and good reproducibility, thus can meet the requirements of modern court toxic analysis.

[Analysis of screening strategy of group B streptococcus in the third trimester and its influence on pregnancy outcome].

Objective: To investigate the screening strategy of group B streptococcus (GBS) in the reproductive tract of women in the third trimester and analyze its impact on pregnancy outcome. Methods: A total of 85 461 pregnant women in 35-37 weeks of gestation from Bao'an Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Jinan University from January 2011 to June 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into 3 periods according to different GBS screening strategies, the unscreened period included 31 384 cases (36.72%), 33 267 cases (38.93%) were included in partial screening period, 20 810 cases (24.35%) were included in screening period. All GBS screening positive pregnant women were given intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP). The impact on pregnancy outcomes, and the impact of different GBS collection transport and culture methods on the positive rate of GBS screening were analyzed. Results: (1) The incidence of neonatal early onset GBS disease (EOGBSD) in unscreened period was 0.03% (11/31 773), in partial screening period was 0.02%(6/33 887), and in screening period, the incidence of neonatal EOGBSD decreased to 0, the difference was statistically significant (χ(2)=7.86, P=0.02).(2) The incidence of hematogenous infection of GBS in pregnant women was 0.02%(6/33 887) in partial screening period, and there was none in screening period, there was no significant difference (adjusted χ(2)=3.75, P=0.05). (3) In the screening period, the positive rate of GBS was 14.08%(2 719/19 306), which was significantly higher than the positive rate of GBS in the partial screening period (11.48%, 2 058/17 920; χ(2)=56.12, P=0.00). (4) Antibiotic sensitivity tests of 4 777 GBS strains showed that the antibiotics with higher resistance rate were tetracycline (81.52%, 3 896/4 777), erythromycin (66.59%, 3 181/4 777), and clindamycin (64.31%, 3 072/4 777). The combination of erythromycin, clindamycin and tetracycline was the most common resistant pattern, accounting for 48.80% (2 331/4 777). No penicillin, ceftriaxone or vancomycin resistant strains was found. Conclusions: GBS screening strategy in different regions could combine the local neonatal EOGBSD incidence rate, maternal GBS colonization rate, and the socioeconomic factors to determine whether universal GBS screening or screening for high-risk maternal women. GBS screening positive rate is related to the population, scope of the investigation, the sample collection, delivery and culture methods. The multi-drug resistance rate of GBS is high.

[miR-29c-3p targeted dishevelled 2 on osteogenesis differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in high-fat environment].

Objective: To study the different expression of 4 microRNA (miRNA, miR) during the osteogenesis differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) cultured in high-fat or normal environment and to explore the relationship of these miRNAs with disheveled 2 during osteogenesis differentiation. Methods: BMSC were cultured with 2 ml normal osteogenic induction (control group) and high-fat osteogenic induction (high-fat group) respectively. On the 3rd, 5th, 7th,14th, 21st day, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to analyze expression levels of four miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-29c-3p, miR-138-5p and miR-351-5p), mRNA of disheveled 2, osteogenic related factors such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runt-related transcription gene 2 (Runx2). And the protein was detected by Western blotting. After BMSC were transfected by 50 µl 50 nmol/L miRNA mimics/inhibitors/negative controls respectively, BMSC were put on osteogenic induction, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th day, ALP activity was detected. On the 7th day, ALP staining was to observe the degree of osteogenesis differentiation, and Western blotting was adopted to analyze the expression of dishevelled 2 and other osteogenic related factors, while qPCR was used to analyze the expression of disheveled 2 mRNA. After 293T cells were co-transfected with disheveled 2 wild-type/mutant firefly luciferase reporter plasmid with either negative control (NC) or a mimic of these four miRNAs respectively for 48 h, luciferase activities were measured. Results: On the 21th day, the expressions of miR-21-5p, miR-29c-3p, miR-138-5p and miR-351-5p in high-fat groups were higher by 20%, 60%, 340% and 4 420% respectively than those in control groups (P<0.05). The expression of ALP and Runx2 in BMSC decreased after BMSC transfected miR-21-5p and miR-29c-3p mimics, while increased after transfected miR-21-5p and miR-29c-3p inhibitors. The expression of disheveled 2 decreased by 35% after transfected by miR-29c-3p mimic, while it increased by 269% after transfected by miR-29c-3p inhibitor (P<0.05). Transfection of the miR-29c-3p mimics significantly decreased the luciferase activity of wild-type 3'-UTR compared with NC control (P<0.05). There were no statistical significances among other groups. Conclusions: miRNAs had better expression during osteogenesis differentiation of BMSC in high-fat environment; miR-29c-3p could negatively regulate the osteogenesis differentiation of BMSC by targets on dishevelled 2.

Effect of IFN-λ2 on combined allergic rhinitis with nasal polyps.

OBJECTIVE: This study sought to investigate the expression of interferon-λ2 (IFN-λ2) in patients with combined allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps (AR+NP), analyze the correlation between IFN-λ2 and tryptase, interleukin 10 (IL-10), and interleukin 12 (IL-12), and identify its peripheral blood cell origins. PATIENTS AND METHODS: ELISA kits were used to investigate plasma levels of IFN-λ2, tryptase, IL-10, and IL-12 in AR+NP patients and healthy controls (HC). Flow cytometry analysis was carried out to detect IFN-λ2 expression in peripheral blood leukocytes. Immunocytochemical staining was performed to detect nasal polyp IFN-λ2 expression in AR+NP patients. RESULTS: Elevated plasma IFN-λ2 levels and positive correlations between plasma IFN-λ2 and tryptase levels in AR+NP patients indicated that IFN-λ2 likely contributes to AR+NP pathogenesis. IFN-λ2 expression was upregulated in cytotoxic T cells and eosinophils in AR+NP patients. Nasal polyp mast cells and macrophages in AR+NP patients expressed IFN-λ2. CONCLUSIONS: The close correlation between IFN-λ2 expression and AR+NP may provide experimental evidence for a possible effect of IFN-λ2 against the allergic inflammatory reaction. Therefore, IFN-λ2 actions may have a potential utility for the treatment and prevention of AR+AP.

[Characteristics of non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual transmission of HIV infection in Miao-Dong Autonomous prefecture of Qiandongnan].

Objective: The goal of this research was to understand the demographic distribution and related factors of non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual transmission (non-commercial transmission) for HIV/AIDS (human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Methods: Data related to HIV/AIDS infected by non-marital heterosexual transmission and whose present address was in Qian Dongnan, were collected from Information System on the HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control. Information included demographic characteristics, the members of non-marital sex partners, transmission path, detection source, CD4(+)T lymphocyte level, et al. cases belong to homosexual history, injective drug use or non-classified non-marital heterosexuality transmission were excluded, totally collect HIV/AIDS 919 cases. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze potential factors associated with non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual transmission. In addition, in March and June 2017, using a convenience sampling, we conducted one-to-one interviews among 10 HIV/AIDS who were infected by non-marital heterosexuality and had non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual experience in Kaili Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The content of the interview included basic information, sexual orientation, the main place of making friends and sexual behavior, attitude to commercial heterosexuality and non-martial and non-commercial heterosexuality and so on. Results: Out of the 919 cases, 645 (70.2%) were male, the proportion of non-commercial transmission was 55.06% (506). The proportion of female HIV/AIDS with non-commercial transmission was 84.7% (232), which was higher than male (42.5%(274)) (χ(2)=138.35, P<0.001). The proportion of Han HIV/AIDS with non-commercial transmission was 61.5% (275), which was higher than other religion (52.2%(412)) (χ(2)=6.32, P=0.012). The proportion of HIV/AIDS with non-commercial transmission who had 0-5 non-marital sexual partners was 58.8% (498), which was higher than who had>5 non-marital sexual partners (11.1%(8)) (χ(2)=61.10, P<0.001). The proportion of HIV/AIDS with non-commercial transmission who lived mobile was 72.9% (94), which was higher than who lived fixedly (52.2%(412)) (χ(2)=19.34, P<0.001). Qualitative interviews results revealed that the age of the respondents were 22-69. Respondents whose ages are in 22-34 were more likely to use mobile phone (4/10) and respondents whose ages are in 35-69 were less likely to look partners through party and the context of working. Conclusion: The proportion of cases being infected by non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual transmission in Qian dongnan was higher than general national levels. The characteristics of sex, marriage status, migration, vocation, the members of non-marital sex partners were significant differed between commercial heterosexual transmission and non-marital and non-commercial heterosexual transmission.

Effects of lipid form and source on digestibility of fat and fatty acids in growing pigs.

The objective of this study was to compare the effect of source (corn DDGS, rice bran, or soybean) or form of oil (extracted or intact) on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) and true total tract digestibility (TTTD) of acid-hydrolyzed ether extract (AEE) and fatty acids. The study determined and compared the ATTD or TTTD of AEE and fatty acids in extracted corn oil, rice oil, and soybean oil with intact oil in corn DDGS, full-fat rice bran, and full-fat soybean. Seventy-eight barrows (initial BW = 47.2 ± 3.9 kg; Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were allotted to 1 of 13 dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design with 6 barrows in each dietary treatment. The 13 experimental diets included 1 cornstarch-soybean meal basal diet (AEE, 0.56%) and 3 diets containing 6% extracted oils (corn oil, rice oil, and soybean oil) and 9 diets supplemented with 3 levels of corn DDGS (17%, 34%, and 51%), full-fat rice bran (14%, 28%, and 42%), and full-fat soybean (12%, 24%, and 36%). These diets provided about 2%, 4%, and 6% intact oil, respectively. The barrows were housed in individual metabolism crates and were fed the assigned test diets at 4% of initial BW per day. A 5-d total collection of feces followed a 7-d diet adaptation period. The ATTD of AEE were calculated for each diet. The endogenous flow of AEE associated with each ingredient and values for TTTD were calculated using regression methods. The ATTD of AEE were greater ( < 0.05) for extracted oil than for intact oil. Compared to extracted oil, intact oil had lower ( < 0.01) ATTD of palmitic acid (C16:0), stearic acid (C18:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linoleic acid (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3). However, a source by form interaction ( < 0.01) was observed for ATTD of C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3. The ATTD of C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 in extracted corn and rice oil were greater compared with intact corn DDGS and rice oil ( < 0.05), while there was no significant difference for the ATTD of C18:0, C18:2, and C18:3 between extracted soybean oil and intact oil in full-fat soybean. In conclusion, lipids that are extracted have a greater digestibility compared with intact lipids, and this is especially true regarding saturated fatty acids. The ATTD of AEE in 2 forms of rice oil (intact oil and extracted oil) was less than the values in corn oil and soybean oil. The TTTD of AEE in corn DDGS and full-fat soybeans were greater than in full-fat rice bran.

Correlation between methylation of the p16 promoter and cervical cancer incidence.

OBJECTIVE: To study the methylation of the promoter of the p16 gene in cervical cancer patients and explore the correlation between methylation and the incidence of cervical cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We recruited 78 patients with cervical cancer and 48 healthy individuals. The methylation-specific PCR was used to detect the methylation status in the promoter of the p16 gene. The mRNA expression of p16 was studied by quantitative fluorescence PCR. The protein expression of p16 was monitored by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot. Immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression and distribution of p16 in cervical tissues. RESULTS: The methylation sequencing results showed that samples from cervical cancer patients had a methylation rate of 78.52% in the p16 gene promoter region compared with a much lower rate of 9.8% in the control group (9.8%). Quantitative fluorescence PCR indicated that the p16 mRNA expression was significantly reduced in cervical cancer patients compared with controls. ELISA and Western blot results showed that expression of the p16 protein in cancer tissue was 0.81 ± 0.12 µg/l, whereas in the healthy controls it was 3.21 ± 0.24 µg/l. Immunohistochemical results showed that the p16 protein was mainly present in the cytoplasm. The rate of p16 positive cells in the healthy cervical tissue 83.29% was higher than in cervical cancer 10.18%. CONCLUSIONS: The methylation of the p16 gene promoter could significantly reduce p16 expression, losing its tumor suppressor activity and promoting the development of cervical cancer.

Determination of the energy value of corn distillers dried grains with solubles containing different oil levels when fed to growing pigs.

This experiment used indirect calorimetry to determine the net energy (NE) content of five corn distillers dried grains with solubles (corn DDGS) containing different oil levels and to compare the NE obtained using indirect calorimetry with that calculated using previously published prediction equations. There were two samples of high-oil DDGS, one sample of medium-oil DDGS and two samples of low-oil DDGS. Twelve barrows (initial BW of 32.8 ± 2.0 kg) were used in a repeated 3 × 6 Youden square design with three periods and six diets. The diets were comprised of a corn-soybean meal basal diet and five diets containing 29.25% of one of the corn DDGS added at the expense of corn and soybean meal. During each period, the pigs were individually housed in metabolism crates for 16 days which included 7 days for adaption to feed and environmental conditions. On day 8, the pigs were transferred to respiration chambers and fed one of the six diets at 2300 kJ ME/kg BW0.6 /day. Faeces and urine were collected from day 9 to 13 and heat production (HP) was also measured. From day 14 to 15, the pigs were fed 893 kJ ME/kg BW0.6 /day to allow them to adapt from the fed to the fasted state. On the last day of each period (day 16), the pigs were fasted and fasting HP was measured. The digestible energy value was 16.0, 17.1 and 15.3 MJ/kg DM, the metabolizable energy value was 14.6, 15.5 and 13.7 MJ/kg DM and the NE value was 10.7, 11.0 and 9.4 MJ/kg DM, for the high-oil, medium-oil and low-oil corn DDGS, respectively. The NE obtained with indirect calorimetry in the present study did not differ from values calculated using previously published prediction equations.

The effect of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy on locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma and on the expression of succinate dehydrogenase B.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate the effect of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) on locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) on the expression of succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty-six patients diagnosed with locally recurrent NPC in our hospital were selected and divided into the control group (43 cases) and observation group (43 cases). Conventional two-dimensional radiotherapy was applied in the control group, and 3DCRT was adopted in the observation group. The curative effect of both groups was compared. RESULTS: The effective rate and the degree of alleviation of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). There were no differences in the occurrence rate of complications from radiotherapy between the two groups (p>0.05). The survival rate and median survival time of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). The positive expression rate of SDHB in the observation group after radiotherapy was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05), and the median survival time of patients with positive expression of SDHB was significantly higher than patients with negative expression (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: 3DCRT applied for treatment of locally recurrent NPC was safe and effective. It also improved the positive expression rate of SDHB, which was associated with increased survival time.